An ejection fraction (EF) of 35–40% falls in the low-to-borderline range, meaning the heart is pumping less blood than it should with each beat. This is often classified as heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), sometimes called systolic heart failure.
A cardiac catheterization (angiogram) can help identify Show Full Answer
An ejection fraction (EF) of 35–40% falls in the low-to-borderline range, meaning the heart is pumping less blood than it should with each beat. This is often classified as heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), sometimes called systolic heart failure.
A cardiac catheterization (angiogram) can help identify what's causing this reduced EF by looking directly at blood flow through the heart's arteries. Common findings that can explain a reduced EF include:
- Blocked or narrowed coronary arteries – reduced blood flow weakens the heart muscle over time
- Previous heart attack damage – scarred heart tissue doesn't pump effectively
- Cardiomyopathy – an enlarged or weakened heart muscle
- Heart valve problems – such as a leaking or narrowed valve affecting blood flow
- Abnormal heart rhythms (arrhythmias) – disrupting the heart's pumping efficiency An EF between 41–49% is considered midrange and may indicate prior heart damage. Below 40% more clearly signals reduced pumping strength and a higher risk of complications.
Treatment for HFrEF typically includes medications like beta-blockers, ACE inhibitors, and diuretics, along with lifestyle changes. In some cases, devices like a pacemaker or defibrillator may be recommended.
Always discuss your specific angiogram results with your cardiologist, as findings will guide the most appropriate treatment plan for your situation.
May 10
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